🔍 Key Factors to Consider
1. Application Purpose
- Thermal insulation → Choose high-temperature resistant needle mats (e.g., E-glass or C-glass).
- Sound insulation → Go for denser, thicker mats for better acoustic performance.
- Reinforcement in composites (FRP/GRP) → Choose a mat compatible with your resin system.
2. Glass Type
- E-glass (Electrical Grade): Most common; good mechanical and dielectric properties.
- C-glass (Chemical Resistant): Better for corrosive environments.
- S-glass (Structural): High strength, used in aerospace/military.
3. Density / GSM (grams per square meter)
- Lower GSM (e.g. 100–200 g/m²): Lightweight, flexible.
- Higher GSM (400–800+ g/m²): Denser, better for insulation or reinforcement.
4. Thickness
- Usually ranges from 3 mm to 25 mm.
- Thicker mats provide better insulation but are heavier and bulkier.
5. Needling Process
- Mechanical needling interlocks fibers without binder (good for high-temp applications).
- Some may be lightly bonded with resin or powder binder (check if you need binder-free).
6. Resin Compatibility
- Ensure the felt is compatible with your resin (polyester, epoxy, vinyl ester, etc.)
- Binder-free needle mats are often better for resin infusion or vacuum bagging.
7. Temperature Resistance
- Standard E-glass: Up to 550°C
- High-temp glass: Up to 700°C+
🧪 Common Use Cases
| Application | Recommended Felt Type |
|---|---|
| Thermal insulation (ovens, pipes) | E-glass, 600–800 gsm, 10–25 mm |
| Soundproofing (automotive, machinery) | 300–600 gsm, 10–20 mm |
| FRP/GRP composite backing | 200–400 gsm, thin (3–10 mm) |
| Chimney or duct insulation | C-glass or high-temp felt |
✅ Tips for Selection
- Ask your supplier for technical data sheets (TDS).
- If using with resin, check absorption rate and binder content.
- For export, check for certifications like ASTM, ISO, DIN.
If you tell me what you’re using it for, I can help recommend a specific spec!